Leonardo Uieda.

The Neoproterozoic era, spanning from 1000 to 539 million years ago, was marked byprofound transformations in all its envelopes and witnessed the emergence and diversification ofmetazoan life, culminating with the appearance of major animal phyla, in the Cambrian. TheCryogenian period (720-635 Ma) featured extreme glacial epochs and the reemergence of banded ironformations, signaling temporary deep ocean anoxia, while the Ediacaran period (635-539 Ma) saw asurge in atmospheric oxygen levels and the most profoundly negative carbon isotope excursion.Amidst significant continental reconfiguration, with the equatorial supercontinent Rodinia fragmentingand continental landmasses clustering in southern regions, a notable collapse of the Earths magneticfield occurred, indicating the late initiation of the inner core's crystallization. Despite impliedconnections between these geological processes and biological innovation, understanding is stillhampered by the fragmented nature of the data. To address these gaps, our project proposescomprehensive, high-resolution studies integrating geochronology, paleontology, geochemistry, andpaleomagnetism in key sedimentary successions spanning the Cryogenian, Ediacaran, and earlyCambrian periods, aiming to unravel complex interactions between local and global changes inseawater chemistry and biosphere evolution. Building on a prior Fapesp Thematic project and theinternational ICDP-GRIND initiative, the proposal focuses on sedimentary successions in Brazil,Namibia, and South China to deepen our understanding of sedimentary processes, marineenvironment, paleogeographic context, and life evolution in this critical interval of time.

The magnetization that is locked in certain minerals at the time of their formation is one of the few gatewayswe have to the Earth's distant past. By measuring the magnetization of certain rocks we are able to determineproperties about the Earth's magnetic field in the past, which provides crucial information about our planet'sclimate history and the movement of the plates that make up the outermost layer of the Earth. For decades,researchers have only been able to make measurements of the average magnetic field of each rock sample,which can lead to large uncertainties in our estimates or even having to discard entire samples. Recentadvances in technology are allowing us to make measurements in such detail that we may soon be able todistinguish the magnetic fields of the individual minerals that make up the rock sample. This new technologyopens the door to using methods normally applied to national or continental scale geophysical surveys tomicrometer scale data. There is still much to be explored and refined before this can be achieved. Thiscollaboration will bring together experts from both large scale geophysics and micrometer scalepaleomagnetism to explore the possibilities and help define future directions of research.

The Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) is open source software infrastructure used in the Earth, ocean, and planetary geosciences. GMT supports other software platforms and delivers data processing and visualizations (graphs, charts, maps) that promote new discoveries and their dissemination to society. The primary goal of this project is to transition GMT to a governance structure that includes a broader and more diverse community of developers. This project will (1) recruit and train new and diverse developers, (2) build a broad and sustainable developer community, and (3) modernize, simplify, and strengthen the GMT software. The first two tasks are critical social activities while the last is technical, involving code hardening, interoperability improvements, interface modernization, documentation completion, and data upgrades. This project will provide training in cutting-edge computational software development and data analysis, along with engaging undergraduate students in scientifically challenging tasks related to the GMT project. The project will also facilitate ongoing user training and developer workshops.This project is based on a vision for the future of GMT that incorporates how governance, communications, developer recruitment and training will evolve in the next decade. The project will design and implement a sustainable model for GMT maintenance and curation, and execute a series of essential technical improvements. These improvements will address a) automated testing and verification of results, b) development of GMT-powered software libraries in other languages (Python, MATLAB, Julia) and c) the recruitment of new and enthusiastic developers so that GMT may continue to be maintained and evolve in a changing computational landscape. In addition, GMT products such as coastline maps will be revised with modern high-resolution data as well as technical documentation of how updates are produced. Finally, this project will advance GMT to a sustainable environment that results in lower maintenance, greater confidence in GMT products, and a more engaged community of users and developers.

The SSI has a yearly fellowship program to fund the organization of communities around scientific software. Even more importantly, they organize several events to get current and past fellows in the same place doing awesome stuff. I was selected to join the 2020 cohort of Fellows. My plan for the fellowship is to run some Software Carpentry workshops in Liverpool and to develop lesson material for transitioning from coder to open-source software maintainer. I?m also hoping to connect with other geoscientists interested in software around the UK and Europe.

Research under the EarthScope umbrella involves both data processing and display of results. The Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) is a set of scientific analysis and plotting modules that are widely used in the Earth Sciences, particularly because they allow for specialized processing and imaging suitable for the geosciences. GMT is a long-lived (~30 years) and robust NSF-funded software toolset that originated in the ocean sciences but has spread to all aspects of the geosciences and beyond. This project will add numerous enhancements to GMT, including a much simplified usage syntax called modern mode. In addition, new modules for simplifying the creation of animations, 3-D stacking and interpolation of grids, conversion of imagery for placement in Google Earth, and greatly improved interactive documentation will be built during the project.The Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) scripting has remained remarkably similar over its 30 years of existence. Because thousands of GMT classic scripts have been written, making major changes has been problematic, even if such changes would simplify its usage. The proposed modern mode will solve this dilemma as it introduces two new commands (begin and end) that starts and end a modern mode session. Hence it is not possible to accidentally enter modern mode without the use of those commands, thus allowing all existing GMT scripts to run unchanged. Once in modern mode, the required syntax will be simplified to avoid repetitive options and the user will no longer be responsible for assembling a composite PostScript file. The default output format will be PDF but more than one format may be selected, including standard raster image formats. Improved interactive documentation will be added to showcase modern mode (while maintaining the documentation for classic mode). To strengthen EarthScope science there will be new modules for 3-D grid stacking and interpolation, KML image quadtree building for Google Earth, and a new animation module that vastly simplifies the task of building scientific animations. It is anticipated that UNAVCO will assist with annual workshops aimed at EarthScope scientists using GMT in shell, MATLAB, or Python environments.

Bolsa para treinamento de um técnico de nível superior para o Laboratório de Geofísica de Exploração (LAGEX). O projeto inclui a capacitação do bolsista nas técnicas e linhas de pesquisa do laboratório. O LAGEX fornece suporte computacional para as atividades de pesquisa e ensino em Geofísica da Faculdade de Geologia da UERJ. A pesquisa na área de Geofísica envolve o processamento e armazenamento dos dados e, finalmente, sua interpretação e modelagem. Estas etapas são realizadas em programas proprietários e livres dos computadores do LAGEX. O bolsista auxiliará no desenvolvimento de programas de computador livres.